Which term describes the small, steep-sided cone formed by pyroclastics?

• A. Shield volcano
• B. Cinder cone volcano
• C. Composite volcano
• D. Spatter cone

Answer: (B)

The term that describes the small, steep-sided cone formed by pyroclastics is cinder cone volcano. Cinder cone volcanoes are built from volcanic rocks called cinders or scoria, which are expelled during explosive eruptions. These materials accumulate around the vent, creating a conical hill or mound. The steep sides of a cinder cone typically range from 30 to 40 degrees, giving it a distinct, steep profile compared to other types of volcanoes.

Cinder cones are generally smaller than shield or composite volcanoes, and they are often characterized by their bowl-shaped summit crater. Their formation involves a relatively simple volcanic process where lava fragments are ejected into the air, cool rapidly, and fall back to the ground around the vent, building up the cone structure over time. This unique formation and structure underline why the term cinder cone volcano is specifically used for these types of volcanic features.