What environmental concern is addressed by contour farming?

• A. High temperatures
• B. Soil erosion
• C. Water pollution
• D. Deforestation

Answer: (B)

Contour farming primarily addresses soil erosion. This agricultural practice involves plowing and planting across the slope of the land, rather than up and down, which helps to maintain the natural contours of the terrain. By following the shape of the land, contour farming can significantly reduce the speed of water runoff during rainfall, allowing water to soak into the soil rather than washing it away. This method helps to maintain soil structure and prevents the loss of topsoil, which is crucial for maintaining soil fertility and the overall health of the ecosystem.

While high temperatures, water pollution, and deforestation are important environmental concerns, they are not specifically mitigated through contour farming in the way that soil erosion is. Contour farming’s primary focus is on reducing erosion and preserving the land's integrity, making it a vital practice in sustainable agriculture.