What are the two major components that make up soil?

• A. Water and air
• B. Minerals and organic matter
• C. Sand and clay
• D. Organic matter and nutrients

Answer: (B)

The two major components that make up soil are minerals and organic matter.

Minerals are derived from the weathering of rocks and make up the inorganic part of soil, providing essential structure and composition. They vary in size and type, contributing to the soil’s texture and drainage capabilities. Organic matter, on the other hand, originates from the decomposition of plant and animal materials. It plays a crucial role in enhancing soil fertility by providing essential nutrients for plant growth, improving moisture retention, and promoting biological activity within the soil.

The combination of these two components creates a balanced environment conducive to the growth of plants and supports a wide range of soil organisms, which contribute to soil health and ecosystem stability.