Composite volcanoes are characterized by which type of eruptions?

• A. Gentle eruptions
• B. Explosive eruptions
• C. Lava flows only
• D. Continuous eruptions

Answer: (B)

Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are primarily characterized by explosive eruptions. These types of volcanoes are formed from alternating layers of lava flows, ash, and other volcanic debris, which contribute to their steep, conical shape. The magma that feeds composite volcanoes is typically more viscous due to its higher silica content, which results in a buildup of pressure as gases accumulate within the magma chamber. When this pressure is released, it leads to highly explosive eruptions that can project volcanic ash and pyroclastic materials high into the atmosphere.

This explosive nature is a distinguishing feature of composite volcanoes, setting them apart from other types of volcanoes that may exhibit different eruption styles. Understanding the characteristics of composite volcanoes, as well as their eruption behavior, is essential for assessing volcanic hazards and mitigating risks associated with these powerful natural phenomena.